Stigmata (singular stigma) is a term used by members of the Christian faith to
describe body marks, sores, or sensations of pain in locations corresponding to
the crucifixion wounds of Jesus Christ, such as the hands, wrists, and feet
causing extreme pain and torrid affect of humiliation. An individual bearing
the wounds of Stigmata is referred to as a Stigmatist.
The term originates from the line at the
end of Saint Paul's Letter to the Galatians where he says, "I bear on my body the marks of Jesus."
Stigmata is the plural of the Greek word στίγμα stigma, meaning a mark, tattoo,
or brand such as might have been used for identification of an animal or slave.
Saint Francis of Assisi contemplating the
wounds of stigmata as part of the Imitation of Christ.
St. Francis of Assisi is the first recorded
stigmatic in Christian history. In 1224, two years before his death, he
embarked on a journey to Mount La Verna for a forty-day fast. One morning near
the feast of the Exaltation of the Cross, a six-winged angel allegedly appeared
to Francis while he prayed. As the angel approached, Francis could see that the
angel was crucified. He was humbled by the sight, and his heart was filled with
elation joined by pain and suffering. When the angel departed, Francis was
purportedly left with wounds in his hands, feet, and side as if caused by the
same lance that pierced Christ’s side. The image of nails immediately appeared
in his hands and feet, and the wound in his side often seeped blood. In
traditional artistic depictions of the incident, Francis is accompanied by a
Franciscan brother.
St. Francis of Assisi
Saint Peter (Greek: Πέτρος Petros, Syriac/Aramaic: ܫܸܡܥܘܿܢ ܟܹ݁ܐܦ݂ܵܐ,
Shemayon Keppa, Hebrew: שמעון בר יונה Shim'on Bar Yona, Latin: Petrus; died c.
64 AD), also known as Simon Peter,
Simeon, or Simōn, according to the New Testament, was one of the Twelve
Apostles of Jesus Christ, leaders of the early Christian Church. The Roman
Catholic Church considers him to be the first Pope, ordained by Jesus in the
"Rock of My Church" dialogue in Matthew 16:18. The ancient Christian
churches all venerate Peter as a major saint and associate him with founding
the Church of Antioch and later the Church in Rome, but differ about the
authority of his various successors in present-day Christianity.
Saint Peter
Pope Francis (Latin: Franciscus; Italian: Francesco; Spanish:
Francisco; born Jorge Mario Bergoglio, 17 December 1936) is the 266th and
current Pope of the Roman Catholic Church, a title he holds ex officio as
Bishop of Rome, and Sovereign of the Vatican City. Born in Buenos Aires,
Argentina, Bergoglio worked briefly as a chemical technologist and nightclub
bouncer before beginning seminary studies. He was ordained a Catholic priest in
1969 and from 1973 to 1979 was Argentina's provincial superior of the Society
of Jesus. He was accused of handing two priests to the National Reorganization
Process during the Dirty War, but the lawsuit was ultimately dismissed. He
became the Archbishop of Buenos Aires in 1998 and was created a cardinal in
2001 by Pope John Paul II.
Pope Francis
cardi-:
heart
cardinal(adj.) \ˈkärd-nəl,
ˈkär-də-\
basic or most important
My cardinal
rule is to always
be honest.
cardiogram(n.)\ˈkär-dē-ə-ˌgram\
the curve or tracing made by a
cardiograph
cardiovascular(adj.) \-ˈvas-kyə-lər\
causing the heart to beat faster and
harder for a period of time
di-: twice :
twofold : double
diversity(n.) \də-ˈvər-sə-tē, dī-\
the quality or state of having many different forms,
types, ideas, etc.
The school aims for diversity in its student population.
divorce(n.) \də-ˈvȯrs also dī-\
the ending of a marriage by a legal process
Their marriage ended in divorce.
divide(v.) \də-ˈvīd\
to separate (something) into two or more parts or pieces
The equator divides the Earth into two hemispheres.
different(adj.)
\ˈdi-fərnt, ˈdi-f(ə-)rənt\
not of the same kind : partly or totally
unlike
We need to try an entirely different approach.
Anti-inflammatory or antiinflammatory
refers to the property of a substance or treatment that reduces inflammation or
swelling. Anti-inflammatory drugs make up about half of analgesics, remedying
pain by reducing inflammation as opposed to opioids, which affect the central
nervous system.
hypo-: under
: beneath : down
hypoblast(n.) \ˈhī-pə-ˌblast\
the endoderm of an embryo
hypodermic(adj.)
used for putting fluids into or taking fluids out
of the body by going under the skin
hyper-: above : beyond
hypermarket(n.) \ˈhī-pər-ˌmär-kət\
a very large supermarket
referendum(n.) \ˌre-fə-ˈren-dəm\
an event in which the people of a
county, state, etc., vote for or against a law that deals with a specific issue
: a public vote on a particular issue
The issue was decided by referendum.
memorandum(n.) \ˌme-mə-ˈran-dəm\
a usually brief written message or report
from one person or department in a company or organization to another
I'm waiting for the memorandum that will explain the new vacation
policy.
A cripple
is a person/organism or animal with a physical
disability, particularly one who is unable to walk because of an injury
or illness. The word was recorded as early as 950 AD, and derives from the
Proto-Germanic krupilaz. The German and Dutch words Krüppel and kreupel are cognates.
By the 1970s, the word generally came to
be regarded as pejorative when used for people with disabilities. Cripple is
also a transitive verb, meaning "cause a disability or inability".
Drawing of a crippled man.
Whac-A-Mole is a popular arcade redemption game invented in 1976 by
Aaron Fechter of Creative Engineering, Inc..
In Japan, もぐら退治
(mogura taiji, "Mole Buster") is a popular arcade game invented in
1975 by Kazuo Yamada of TOGO, based on ten of the designer's pencil sketches
from 1974, licensed to Bandai in 1977. ) It can also be commonly found at
Japanese festivals.
A red herring is something that misleads or distracts from a relevant or important issue. It may be either a logical fallacy or a literary device that leads readers or audiences towards a false conclusion. A red herring might be intentionally used, such as in mystery fiction or as part of rhetorical strategies (e.g. in politics), or it could be inadvertently used during argumentation.
